How to Repair Asphalt Cracks

Asphalt is a durable and long-lasting material commonly used for driveways, roads, and parking lots. However, over time, exposure to the elements and regular wear and tear can cause cracks to develop in the surface. These cracks, if left unattended, can lead to more significant damage, such as potholes or complete surface deterioration. Timely asphalt crack repair is essential to maintaining the integrity and appearance of your pavement. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through how to repair asphalt cracks and everything you need to know about asphalt crack repair.

Common Causes of Asphalt Cracks

Asphalt cracks can develop due to a variety of factors, including:

• Weather Conditions: Temperature fluctuations cause the asphalt to expand and contract, leading to stress on the surface and eventual cracking.
• Water Infiltration: Water can seep into small cracks and freeze, causing the cracks to widen.
• Heavy Traffic: Repeated pressure from vehicles, especially heavy trucks, can weaken the asphalt and result in cracks.
• Poor Installation: If the asphalt was not laid properly, it might not bond well with the base, leading to premature cracking.
• Aging: Over time, asphalt can become brittle and less flexible, making it more susceptible to cracking.

Types of Asphalt Cracks

Understanding the type of crack is essential for determining the best repair method. The most common types include:

• Alligator Cracks: Resembling the scales of an alligator’s skin, these cracks are interconnected and indicate severe structural damage.
• Linear Cracks: These are straight cracks that run along the length of the asphalt and are typically caused by aging or poor installation.
• Block Cracks: Forming in a rectangular pattern, these cracks are often due to shrinkage of the asphalt as it ages.
• Edge Cracks: Found along the edges of the pavement, these cracks are usually caused by poor drainage or a weak base.
• Transverse Cracks: Running perpendicular to the pavement’s centerline, these cracks are often due to thermal changes.

Preparation for Asphalt Crack Repair

Proper preparation is key to successful asphalt crack repair. This involves cleaning the cracks and gathering the necessary tools and materials.

Tools and Materials Needed

To repair asphalt cracks effectively, you’ll need the following tools and materials:

• Crack Cleaning Tools: A wire brush, broom, or leaf blower to clean debris from the cracks.
• Crack Filler: Asphalt crack filler comes in various forms, such as liquid pourable fillers, caulk-style fillers, or hot pour rubberized fillers.
• Tamper or Roller: To compact the filler and ensure it adheres well to the crack.
• Protective Gear: Gloves, safety glasses, and a dust mask to protect yourself during the repair process.

Cleaning the Cracks

Before applying any filler, the cracks must be thoroughly cleaned to remove dirt, debris, and any loose asphalt. This step is crucial because any contaminants left in the crack can prevent the filler from bonding properly, leading to future issues.

1. Remove Loose Debris: Use a wire brush or broom to sweep away any loose debris from the crack.
2. Blow Out the Cracks: If possible, use a leaf blower to blow out any remaining dust and small particles.
3. Check for Moisture: Ensure the cracks are dry before applying the filler, as moisture can prevent proper adhesion.

Step-by-Step Guide: How to Repair Asphalt Cracks

Once the cracks are clean and dry, you’re ready to start the repair process. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to repair asphalt cracks:

Step 1: Choose the Right Crack Filler

The type of crack filler you use depends on the size and type of the crack:

• For Small Cracks (Less Than 1/2 Inch): Use a liquid pourable filler or caulk-style filler. These are easy to apply and perfect for minor cracks.
• For Larger Cracks (More Than 1/2 Inch): Use a hot pour rubberized filler. This type of filler is more durable and can handle larger cracks better.
• For Alligator Cracks: These cracks usually indicate underlying structural damage, so simple crack filling may not be enough. Consider patching the area or consulting a professional.

Step 2: Fill the Cracks

Now that you’ve selected the appropriate filler, it’s time to fill the cracks:

1. Shake or Stir the Filler: If using a liquid pourable filler, shake the bottle well before applying. If using a caulk-style filler, cut the tip of the applicator nozzle at a 45-degree angle for easier application.
2. Apply the Filler: Carefully pour or squeeze the filler into the crack, ensuring it completely fills the gap. For larger cracks, you may need to apply the filler in layers, allowing each layer to set before applying the next.
3. Smooth the Filler: Use a trowel or putty knife to smooth the surface of the filler, making it level with the surrounding asphalt.

Step 3: Compact the Filler

After the filler is applied, it’s essential to compact it to ensure it bonds well with the asphalt and to prevent it from settling over time.

• Use a Tamper or Roller: Gently press down on the filled crack with a tamper or roller to compact the filler.
• Check for Voids: After compacting, check for any voids or low spots in the filler. If necessary, apply additional filler and compact again.

Step 4: Allow the Filler to Cure

Once the crack is filled and compacted, the filler needs time to cure and harden. The curing time will vary depending on the type of filler used and the weather conditions.

• Drying Time: Liquid pourable fillers typically dry within a few hours, while hot pour fillers may take longer.
• Protect the Area: Keep traffic off the repaired area until the filler has fully cured to prevent damage.

Preventing Future Asphalt Cracks

While repairing cracks is essential, preventing them from occurring in the first place is even better. Here are some tips to help you maintain your asphalt surface and prevent future cracks:

Regular Maintenance

Routine maintenance can go a long way in extending the life of your asphalt pavement:

• Sealcoating: Apply a sealcoat to your asphalt every few years to protect it from the elements and prevent cracks from forming.
• Prompt Repairs: Address small cracks as soon as they appear to prevent them from growing into larger, more expensive problems.
• Proper Drainage: Ensure water drains away from your asphalt surface to prevent water infiltration, which can lead to cracks.

Seasonal Care

Different seasons bring different challenges for asphalt maintenance:

• Winter Care: During the winter, keep the asphalt clear of snow and ice to prevent moisture from seeping into cracks and freezing.
• Summer Care: In the summer, avoid parking heavy vehicles on the asphalt during the hottest parts of the day, as this can cause stress and cracking.

When to Call a Professional

While many asphalt cracks can be repaired by homeowners, some situations require professional intervention. Consider calling a professional if:

• Extensive Damage: If your asphalt surface has extensive alligator cracks or multiple large cracks, a professional can assess the damage and recommend the best course of action.
• Structural Issues: Cracks that are caused by underlying structural problems, such as a weak base, may require more than just surface repair.
• Time and Convenience: If you lack the time or equipment to repair the cracks yourself, hiring a professional can save you time and ensure the job is done correctly.

Conclusion

Repairing asphalt cracks is a vital part of maintaining the integrity and appearance of your pavement. By understanding the causes of cracks, choosing the right repair methods, and taking preventive measures, you can extend the life of your asphalt surface and avoid costly repairs in the future. Whether you tackle the repairs yourself or hire a professional, knowing how to repair asphalt cracks and everything to know about asphalt crack repair will help you keep your pavement in top condition for years to come.

Ready to Get Started?

We here at MVP Paving are a family-owned business with over 20 years of experience. Our company is headed by a fourth-generation asphalt contractor who has been present at job sites for decades, ensuring satisfied customers all the while. We specialize in residential and commercial projects new and old. From driveways to parking lots, seal-coating to striping, our state-of-the-art equipment and crew are ready to handle it all. We treat you like the MVP, offering free estimates and same-day pricing in order to finish the job promptly and efficiently. With us, there are no gimmicks; just results! Contact us today for your free estimate!

Categorised in: Asphalt Repair